Causes and Prevalence Factors Causing Subfertility among 20-45 Years Old Women in Thi-Qar Governorate-Iraq

Abstract

Delayed conception is one of the most common causes of medical concern. It's a global health issue that concerns thousands of people in childbearing age across the globe. Despite infertility's lack of life-threatening properties, its negative effects on the patient, his family and society are not underestimated. Subfertility can be caused by male, female or both sexes, and it may represent unexplained infertility. Unexplained infertility is the result of a thorough investigation of the partners, but no cause of infertility can be determined. To figure out the typical frequency of primary, secondary or unexplained subfertility in women of this age bracket (20-45 years), the most common causes of subfertility in women of this demographic are discussed. This investigation was intended as a crosssectional study that attempted to determine the commonality and causes of infertility in women between the ages of 20-45. One hundred and fifty women from impoverished marriages participated in the study. Data was collected from all patients who visited the gynecology practice between the end of August of 2023 and the end of November of 2024. We developed a questionnaire that inquired about the sociological, demographic, and medical attributes of infertile couples, the duration of their infertility, the type of surgery they underwent, and the medical history of their spouse and themselves. The percentage of couples with primary subfertility was less than that with secondary subfertility (65; 85). The average age of women with secondary infertility and their male partners was significantly greater than that of women with primary infertility and their male partners. About the distribution of causes of infertility among the participants, women were the majority (44.0%) of the participants, followed by a combination of men and women (28.7%). Male factors alone had a participation of 14.0% of the cases, while 13.3% had an unexplained subfertility. The causes of female subfertility in this age bracket (20-45 years) are as follows: 27% of the cases had no specific cause, the most common cause was polycystic ovary syndrome (38%), followed by disorders of ovulation (25%). Male partners of infertile partners: 57% of the incidents had typical sperm characteristics. Asthenozoospermia was the second most commonly visited condition (29%). Recent research has demonstrated that the percentage of couples with primary subfertility is less than the percentage with secondary subfertility. The most common cause of female subfertility is polycystic ovary syndrome, while the most common cause of male subfertility is decreasing the motility of sperm cell.