Unlocking Male Infertility Genetic and Hormonal Insights for Treatment Advancements

Othman Hashem  Mohammed; Rania Sabri  Hasan

Othman Hashem Mohammed Embryology, Kut University College, Department of Medical Laboratory Technologies, Wasit, Iraq
Rania Sabri Hasan Microbiology, Kut University College, Department of Medical Laboratory Technologies , Wasit, Iraq * Correspondence: othmanh78@gmail.com

Keywords: Karyotype, Sex Hormones, FSH Follicle Stimulating Hormone, Testosteron, LH Luteinizing Hormone, Genetic Counseling, Infertility, Azoospermia, Oligoasthenospermia

Abstract

Infertility affects many men and women, with male infertility often resulting from azoospermia (complete absence of sperm) and oligospermia (low sperm count and motility). Genetic and endocrine factors are primary causes of infertility. This study aimed to investigate genetic causes and hormone levels in male infertility. We analyzed 423 infertile male patients at Al-Kut Hospital's IVF Center, focusing on hereditary sex hormone levels and abnormal karyotypes. Abnormal karyotype incidences in azoospermia and oligospermia were 7% and 23%, respectively. Among azoospermic patients, 62.7% exhibited (47,XXY) Klinefelter syndrome. Elevated FSH and LH levels were noted in azoospermic patients with abnormal karyotypes compared to testosterone levels in other groups. The study highlights the strong link between azoospermia and genetic chromosomal abnormalities, suggesting that hormone levels (testosterone, LH, FSH) in azoospermic patients with abnormal karyotypes are valuable for genetic studies, medical consultations, and assisted reproductive technologies.

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