Comparative Analysis of Pyocyanin Production and Antibacterial Efficacy on Diverse Culture

Zainab Agab Altaee; Karama Tahreer Ahmed Altaee; Eman Naji Saleh

Zainab Agab Altaee College of Dentistry/ University of Anbar
Karama Tahreer Ahmed Altaee College of Dentistry/ University of Anbar
Eman Naji Saleh College of Pure science / University of Anbar

Keywords: Pyocyanin production, antibacterial efficacy

Abstract

We investigated the impact of culture medium on pyocyanin production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Our study included variations in media, temperatures, and durations, while also assessing the antibacterial activity of pyocyanin against pathogens. Our aim was to understand the factors influencing pyocyanin production and its therapeutic potential

For this study, we obtained 26 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from various sources. Out of these, 17 strains had the ability to produce pigment. We selected the strain that demonstrated the highest production of pigment for all subsequent experiments.

To investigate the influence of culture media on pyocyanin, we cultured the selected strain on various media types, including nutrient agar, Brain Heart Infusion agar, tryptic soy agar, CT agar, Muller Hinton, Nutrient broth, Peptone water, and Tryptic Soy broth. The incubation conditions were varied by testing at both 37°C and 35°C and at different time intervals (24, 48, 72, and 96 hours), as well as at different pH levels (7.5 and 7.8). Following culture growth, we extracted the pyocyanin pigment and examined its antibacterial efficacy.

This study investigated the production of pyocyanin by P. aeruginosa and found that it varies depending on the culture medium used. Pigment concentration was measured using a spectrophotometer at 520 nm. The highest mean optical density was observed in Tryptic soy agar (0.364), followed by Tryptic soy broth (0.322) and the lowest mean optical density was observed in Peptone water (0.08). The optimal condition pyocyanin production were found to be a temperature of 35°C, pH of 7.8 and there is no statistically significant difference in the production of pyocyanin between the two incubation times of 72 and 96 s. The study also evaluated the antibacterial activity of pyocyanin and found that the pigment produced on the agar had a high ability to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria and the swarming of Proteus mirabilis. However, the pigment exhibited varying degrees of antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria.

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