Diarrhea in Children Under Five Years of Age in 3 Pediatrics Hospitals in Baghdad
Keywords:
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Abstract
Background; Diarrhea disease is one of the principle causes of morbidity and mortality among children in developing countries.
The Objective of This Study; were to determine the prevalence of diarrhea and The factors associated with it in children less than 5years old in Baghdad .Iraq.
Methodology; Across sectional study was conducted in two pediatric and women hospitals and one of general hospital in Baghdad which are including the pediatric department in each hospital during the period eight months started from May 2021 to the end of December 2021 the study involves children less than 5years of age.
Results; We found the higher percentage 50.5% of cases were in the age group less than one year ; followed by 27.3% among the age groups 4 to 5 years and 22.2% in the age 1 to 4 years the higher percentage 75.2% of cases had to take treatment during staying in the hospital and 24.8% were not having it .
Conclusion; we concluded the male cases were more than female cases .few of cases was used the (ORS) .
Recommendation; we recommended to advice the women to use the Oral rehydration salts(ORS) and should by supplied to all children with diarrhea; also should be continue to eat Nutritious foods without restriction during a diarrheal illness.
References
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2. Andaleeb S.S.Public and private hospitals in Bangladesh: service quality and predictors of hospital choice.Health Policy Plan. 2000; 15: 95-102|
3. Ashraf H. Treatment of infectious diarrhea in children. Pediatr Drugs. 2003; 5: 151-165 (International Journal of Infectious Diseases- VOLUME 107, P37-46, JUNE 01, 2021)
4. Bhandari, N., T. Rongsen-Chandola, A. Bavdekar, J. John, K. Antony, and others. 2014. “Efficacy of a Monovalent Human-Bovine (116E) Rotavirus Vaccine in Indian Children in the Second Year of Life.” Vaccine 32 (Suppl 1): A110–16. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.04.079.
5. Bhutta ZA. Gastroenteritis in children. In: Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, Schol NF, St Geme III JW, Behrman RE, editors. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 19th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2011. p.1323-39.
6. Cairncross, S., C. Hunt, S. Boisson, K. Bostoen, V. Curtis, and others. 2010. “Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for the Prevention of Diarrhoea.” International Journal of Epidemiology 39 (Suppl 1): i193–205.
7. Chowdhury F. Khan I.A.Patel S. Siddiq A.U.et al. Diarrheal illness and healthcare seeking behavior among a population at high risk for diarrhea in Dhaka, Bangladesh.PLoS One. 2015; 10.
8. Crockett ME, Keystone JS (2012). "Protection of Travelers". In Fischer M, Long SS, Prober CG (eds.). Principles and practice of pediatric infectious diseases (4th ed.). Edinburgh: Elsevier Saunders. p. 82.)
9. DuPont HL (April 2014). "Acute infectious diarrhea in immunocompetent adults". The New England Journal of Medicine. 370 (16): 1532–40.
10. Farthing M, Salam MA, Lindberg G, Dite P, Khalif I, Salazar-Lindo E, et al.; WGO. Acute diarrhea in adults and children: a global perspective. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2013.
11. Guandalini S, Kahn SA. Acute diarrhea. In: Kleinman RE, Sanderson IR, Goulet O, Sherman PM, Mieli-Vergani G, Shneider B, editors. Walker’s Pediatric Gastrointestinal Disease. 5th ed. Hamilton: BC Decker Inc; 2008. p.253-64.
12. Guarino A, Ashkenazi S, Gendrel D, Lo Vecchio A, Shamir R, Szajewska H. European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition/European Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases evidence-based guidelines for the management of acute gastroenteritis in children in Europe: update 2014. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2014; 59(1):132-52.
13. Lawn J.E. Rudan I. et al.Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality in 2008: a systematic analysis. Lancet. 2008; 375: 1969-1987.
14. Liu L. Oza S. Hogan D. Zhu J.et al.Global, regional, and national causes of under-5 mortality in 2000–15: an updated systematic analysis with implications for the Sustainable Development Goals. Lancet (London, England). 2016; 388: 3027-3035.
15. Liu, L., S. Oza, D. Hogan, J. Perin, I. Rudan, and others. 2015. “Global, Regional, and National Causes of Child Mortality in 2000–13, with Projections to Inform Post-2015 Priorities: An Updated Systematic Analysis.” The Lancet 385 (9832): 430–40).
16. Malek M.A. Faruque A.B.U.S.G Diarrheal epidemics in Dhaka, Bangladesh, during three consecutive floods: 1988, 1998, and 2004.Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2006; 74: 1067-1073
17. Musher DM, Musher BL. Contagious acute gastrointestinal infections. N Engl J Med. 2004; 351(23):2417-27. [DOI: 10.1056/NEJMra041837] [PMID: 15575058
18. Navaneethan U, Giannella RA (November 2008). "Mechanisms of infectious diarrhea". Nature Clinical Practice. Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 5 (11): 637–47. doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1264. PMID 18813221.S2CID 34096072
19. Navaneethan U, Giannella RA (November 2008). "Mechanisms of infectious diarrhea". Nature Clinical Practice. Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 5 (11): 637.
20. Nishaben Patel, MDMarsha Kay, MD .19 JANUARY 2021 "Patient education: Bloody stools in children (Beyond the Basics)"
21. Pickering LK. Approach to diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal tract infections. In: Long SS, Pickering LK, Prober CG, editors. Principles and Practice of Pediatric Infectious Disease. 2nd ed. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 2003. p.362-8.
22. Rupnik M, Wilcox MH, Gerding DN (July 2009). "Clostridium difficile infection: new developments in epidemiology and pathogenesis". Nature Reviews. Microbiology. 7 (7): 526–36Alam N.H.
23. Sullivan JE, Farrar HC.Section on Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics; Committee on Drugs, Fever and antipyretic use in children. Pediatrics. 2011; 127(3):580-7.
24. Wilson ME (December 2005). "Diarrhea in nontravelers: risk and etiology". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 41. 41 Suppl 8 (Suppl 8): S541-6. doi:10.1086/432949. PMID 16267716.
25. Xu K.Evans D.B.et al.Understanding the impact of eliminating user fees: utilization and catastrophic health expenditures in Uganda.Soc Sci Med. 2006; 62: 866-876.
Published
2023-11-03
How to Cite
Emad Hamid Hwaidi, Talib Kh. Hussain, Majeed M. Abid, & Rajaa Jasim Mohammed. (2023). Diarrhea in Children Under Five Years of Age in 3 Pediatrics Hospitals in Baghdad. Central Asian Journal of Medical and Natural Science, 4(6), 86-91. Retrieved from https://www.cajmns.centralasianstudies.org/index.php/CAJMNS/article/view/1985
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