The Clinicopathological Features of Breast Carcinoma Cases in Adiwaniyah Province in Iraq
Abstract
In Iraq, invasive ductal carcinoma is common and the disease is frequently diagnosed in late stages making the prognosis of the tumor bad in a significant portion of affected women. The prognosis of breast cancer is determined by a long list of prognostic factors such as sage of the disease, grade of the disease, presence of lymphatic invasion, presence of distant metastasis, size of tumor, age of patients and many other characteristics. Treatment of the disease includes surgical removal, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and biological treatment. The treatment of disease depends on a number of modifying factors and of these factors is the immunohistochemical expression of estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR) and her2neu.
Aim of the study: The objective of the present cross sectional study was to give an account about estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and her2neu receptor immunohistochemical expression in Iraqi women with breast carcinoma in Adiwaniyah Province.
Materials and methods: Histopathological reports were retrieved from the archive of the central laboratories of Al Diwaniyah teaching hospital for the last 4 years. The duration of search was limited to the period January the 1st 2019 to January the 1st 2023. Information about clinical presentation, age, histopathological type, grade, number of lymph nodes, and immunohistochemical study were reported. Statistical description was based on reporting number, percentages, mean, range and standard deviation Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS, Chicago, USA, IBM, version 26) was used to do statistical description and analysis and p ≤0.05 was the level of significance.
Results: The research included reports of 39 women with beast carcinoma having an age range of 25 -85 years and a mean age of 53.31 ±15.96 years. The mean size of tumor mass was 3.24 ±1.34 cm with a range of 0.5 -8 cm. The frequency distribution of patients according to molecular classification was as following: there were 16 cases (41 %) of luminal A group, 8 cases (20.5 %) of luminal B group, 8 cases (20.5 %) of HER2/neu group and 7 cases (17.9 %) of basal like group. There was no significant difference in mean age, mean sixe of tumor, mean number of lymph nodes and mean number of involved lymph nodes (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: The most common molecular type was luminal A followed by luminal B and HER2/neu and lastly by basal like type. This molecular classification has no significant impact on clinicopathological characteristic of the disease.
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